WEBWALL BRIDGE CODE
WEBWALL BRIDGE CRACK

Then, finite element models of tubular reinforced concrete columns were established using OpenSees and were verified with the experimental results.

WEBWALL BRIDGE CRACK

Failure modes and crack patterns of the specimens under cyclic loading were observed. Thus, four 1/8 scaled specimens were fabricated and tested through the pseudo-static testing method. Once collapsed, huge casualties and economic loss would be caused. Tubular reinforced concrete columns of air-cooling condenser structures, which undertake the most weight of air cooling equipment, are the major components to resist lateral forces under earthquake. The case-based appropriate retrofitting method can be specified for each caseĬonsidering the column geometry, service load, reinforcement details and material properties. Proper methods to retrofit these types of columns as detailed inĬhapter 4 can be used, once a decision is made for a case to implement the aforesaidĮnhancement. To decide if enhancement of the shear strength and the amount of lateral reinforcement within the These bridges, engineering judgment and a realistic case-based performance assessment is needed

While no immediate action seems to be necessary in terms of serviceability and safety of However, the calculated shear strength of most of the columns designedĪnd constructed based on the old codes may not be enough considering the new vehicular impact Serviceability or collapse of these bridges under demanded loads, including the extreme So, there is no immediate concern in terms of Safely address the demanded loads considering their actual strength and bridge structuralredundancyĪnd load redistribution process. In general, the two representative bridges provided by the KDOT for this study, can

WEBWALL BRIDGE CODE

Were analyzed considering their real performance and new code revisions. The latest pertinent research, and two representative bridges, representing state bridges designedĪnd constructed based on the new and old code versions have been studied and their performance In this study, these changes have been assessed based on

Most of the existing bridges constructed before the new provisions, have beenĭesigned based on the old provisions. Provisions in the state specific load and resistance factor design (LRFD) design procedure The Kansas Department of Transportation (KDOT) has implemented the new AASHTOLRFD

Webwall bridge